资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
学方言、手绘巡线地图 南宁铁警“接地气”保春运安全****** 莫献忠对欲穿行大桥的村民进行劝导。 吴骆霞 摄 中新网南宁1月12日电(胡宏)警察、“水手”“绘图师”都是他的职业,他用自己接地气的做法守护着千年古镇扬美附近的铁路运输安全,今年春运是他坚守的第13个年头。 莫献忠是南宁铁路公安局南宁公安处南宁南站派出所的一名线路民警,2010年他来到扬美警务区,这里毗邻扬美古镇,每当高铁驶过古镇,现代与传统便在这里相遇。 莫献忠走在扬美古镇街上。 胡宏 摄 莫献忠管辖铁路线路43公里,横跨几十个自然村,点多线长并且学校众多,最近的一所学校距离铁路只有40米。特别是27公里长的老南昆线,多为低路基,沿线村民为了方便日常生活劳作,经常会横跨线路。 走村串户开展安全宣传自然成为莫献忠工作中的重要内容。作为“外来户”,不懂方言成了莫献忠开展工作的第一个“拦路虎”,于是他就把护路队员当“老师”,一字一句地向护路队员学,从说话开始慢慢融入当地群众当中。 “开展群众工作,不能光讲法律,要多站在他们的角度去帮助他们解决实际问题。”莫献忠说。 莫献忠到村民农场开展安全宣传。 胡宏 摄 2018年,村民反映村口主要铁路交通涵一下大雨就积水,行人车辆都无法通过。莫献忠立即将情况上报并争取相关部门的支持,在涵洞中修建了一条“高基”步道,即便遇到下雨积水也能使村民安全通过。 渐渐地,穿着一身警服,操着一口“土话”的莫警官变成了村民口中的“老莫”,几年下来,哪家有几口人、有多少小孩、多少大牲畜、家里田在哪,莫献忠都掌握得清清楚楚。 横跨在左江上的三座铁路桥是莫献忠管辖的重点区段,特别是左江大桥,每逢圩日,村民经常会借道大桥,莫献忠也都会早早来到桥头对穿行铁路桥的村民进行劝导。 同时,左江作为通航水路,不仅有两岸村民通过船只摆渡,更有大小货船经过,甚至还发生过因操作不当造成船只撞击铁路桥的事故。 桥上的情况可以实地踏勘,但是如何掌握桥面下和桥墩的情况曾一度让莫献忠犯难。 莫献忠在岸边给渡船固定缆绳。 胡宏 摄 在这里工作久了,莫献忠也变得“多才多艺”,不仅做得了“水手”,还当得了“绘图师”。 一次,莫献忠前往扬美村开展日常工作,和村民聊到了对大桥安全的担忧。村民杜师傅直接跟他说:“这有啥难,我经常要开船到对岸干活,到时候捎上你逛一圈,都是兄弟,也算是我为铁路安全做贡献了。” 自此,杜师傅每次开船渡江前都会给莫献忠打电话邀请他乘船巡线,莫献忠也就多了一层“水手”身份。 每天徒步巡线10公里是这些年来莫献忠始终坚持的必修课,他将徒步巡线收集到的资料分别绘制了普铁和高铁线路管辖图。 莫献忠在守护的线路图上添加信息。 胡宏 摄 “对我们线路民警来说,它必不可少。”莫献忠用笔点了点挂在扬美警务区墙上的手绘地图。 “三角形的是重要道口,圆形是交通涵,沿线所有的重点路段我都标注了出来”,指着“地图”上的各种标记,莫献忠如数家珍。 微微泛黄的地图上,一道道折痕似乎在诉说着它已经跟随自己的主人走过很多地方。 如今的莫献忠早已将线路图刻在了心里,他说:“巡线是个基础工作,底数清才能情况明,只有亲眼看到才能真正了然于胸,一步一个脚印才能走出安心。” 今年的春运,莫献忠更忙了,外出打工的青壮年纷纷提前返乡,前来古镇游玩的游客也日益增多,他将用更接地气的做法一直守护着铁路“大动脉”安全。(完) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |